Psychology in Peacebuilding and Peaceful Co-Existence in Nigeria

Abstract

Conflict is inevitable in human life because nature had created human beings in diverse and conflicting ways. From the human psyche itself there are diversities in human temperament and what have you differ, some are introverts, others extroverts, some impulsive while others are gentle and calm, some are submissive and obedient while others are arrogant, self assertive and egocentric as well as those self-esteem and rebellious, who do not accept or even tolerate any attempt to subdue them. These diverse and conflicting behaviour traits can be regarded as the foundation of conflict among humans. It is, however, important to note that not all conflicts are bad and negative, they facilitate competitions and enhance achievements and attainments and they create societal balance and liberate individuals, groups and communities, hitherto dominated and marginalized. However, conflicts become a source of concern and worrisome when they result into violence` with destruction of lives and property as consequences. The questions we need to ask and answer at this point are: What is conflict, and what are the types of conflict, being experienced in the Nigerian society? What are the major underlying causes of the conflicts being experienced in Nigeria? How are conflicts resolved? In addition to the above, there is the need to enquire about the roles that psychology as a discipline can play in conflict resolution and peace building with a view to enhancing peaceful coexistence in the Nigerian society.